koans

“The Flowing Bridge,” by Elaine MacInnes

“The Flowing Bridge,” by Elaine MacInnes

Writer Renée Miller introduces a book on Zen koans written by Elaine Miller, who is both a Catholic nun and a Zen priest.

When we step to the edge of our experience and then have the courage to take yet one more step, we are often surprised to find that the anxiety we felt at taking that “one more step” vanishes in a whole new feeling of expansion. When it comes to religious thinking, we are accustomed to holding fast to our familiar patterns of belief and tradition because what we know or have been taught feels like a protection and security for us. The religion itself may put constraints on our exploration as a way of insuring its own continuance. Yet, when we take that extra step to open up to other faiths and beliefs, we are brought into an open space where we begin to see the oneness that embraces all.

Title: The Flowing Bridge
Author: Elaine MacInnes
Publisher: Wisdom Publications
ISBN: 978-0-8617-1545-9
Available from: Wisdom, Amazon.com, and Amazon.co.uk.

Certainly, Elaine MacInnes, a Roman Catholic nun and a Zen teacher in the lineage of Koun Yamada has found this to be true in her own life. A wise bishop once told me that only those over 75 years of age were really capable of dispensing holy wisdom to others. It takes the living of the holy life for a long period of years to bring true wisdom to fruit. Elaine MacInnes fits the bishop’s criteria. MacInnes, herself an octogenarian, has lived the life of Christianity and Buddhism for years and in her book The Flowing Bridge she dispenses the wisdom that is the fruit of faithful practice.

The Flowing Bridge is a book about koans — statements or questions which cannot be understood by rational thinking but may be accessible through intuition. The book is about the first koans that Zen students are exposed to when they begin their practice, and miscellaneous koans that MacInnes has gathered from various traditional sources — koans that were generally kept only between teacher and student. The beginning Zen disciple is exposed to koan practice because it helps unlock spiritual doors and remove phenomenal obstacles that prevent the Essential Nature from being fully experienced. The fascination with koans, however, goes way beyond the dokusan (private interview between a Zen student and the master) room. Koans make their way into cocktail parties, into Bible studies, into football game conversations. They are perceived by non-Buddhists as puzzles to be solved, conundrums to be volleyed like a ping pong ball between worthy opponents. In many ways, koans are like the paradoxes Jesus was so fond of using though it should be noted that paradoxes don’t seem nearly as captivating in the phenomenal world as koans!

Imagine, however, being given the tools with which to sample the truth nestled inside a koan, and finding there a world of infinity. Imagine it being really, just a sample, not the full meal. MacInnes does just this throughout the entire book. She takes to heart the words she quotes from the verse of Mumonkan Case 33:

If you meet a swordsman, you may present a sword.
You should not offer a poem unless you meet a poet.
When you speak to others, say only three-quarters of it.
You should never give the remaining part.

She gives what feels like a full meal, but it’s really only three-quarters of it, and at the end there is still hunger. It is not fascination with puzzle solving that she seeks to initiate. It is nothing less than the enlightenment that St. Julian of Norwich, a fourteenth-century recluse, experienced when she discovered the entire universe in a hazelnut. MacInnes begins each koan by giving a sneak peek into the koan through a story or piece of reality from the Phenomenal world. She then moves stealthily to the Essential Nature which ends up being as koan-esque as the koan itself. She is so masterful in her teaching that just when we think we’re getting a grasp on the koan — just when we think we’ve “got it!” and just when we think we don’t need to read any further because we’ve ‘got it,’ she stops us dead in our tracks with the incisive word that sounds like a relentlessly focused Zen Master. For example, when writing about the Shogen’s koan, “why is it that a man of great strength does not lift up his leg?” MacInnes comments,

“The next time you see the centipede, look well. It has already cast away its hundred legs, and Mount Mayon walks away happily — quite unaware of its legs.

‘Why?’

Take a look. If you want to know — whether it is pure gold or not, you must look at it in the midst of fire. Burn off the legs! Or take out that two-edged sword and cut them off.”

I am reminded of Jesus’ words in the New Testament. If your hand causes you to offend, cut it off. If your eye causes you to offend, pluck it out. It is better to enter heaven maimed than not at all… For both Jesus and MacInnes, hard truth is sometimes the only way to obtain the freedom we seek.

The Flowing Bridge is not always flowing. Because it is based on Zen talks that MacInnes gave to students over a period of years, it can be choppy reading; at once obtuse, then repetitive, then tangential. At times, reading The Flowing Bridge is both an effort and a strain. Then the realization dawns — she’s painting nothing less than real life through her words. Life itself is obtuse, repetitive, tangential. We suffer because we want life to run along smoothly without effort and strain, without distortion or confusion. Only life is not like that. A student asked MacInnes if they could put off reading her teisho (Zen talk) on a particular koan until after they had discussed the koan in their dokusan interview. The student complained that the teiso was confusing. MacInnes writes, “This is the supreme compliment. Teisho are meant to confuse!

The end purpose of the book, for MacInnes, is the proper formation of the human personality which, she writes “is the removal of one’s delusions, so that one’s original nature comes to the fore.” She maintains that to be our own true Tathagata (Buddha), we must rid ourselves of false illusions. We do this, she proposes, through “sitting and allowing our Essential Nature to return to its own spontaneity.” It seems so simple, just two things — as simple as intellectualizing a koan, in order to “understand” it. Yet, it is a work of a lifetime. A work that demands our best effort and no effort at all. A work that asks of us to be right here, now.

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Zen and the art of good business (Sydney Morning Herald, Australia)

Review of “dotZEN – Practical tips and thoughts on Business, Marketing, PR and the Internet from the Diamond Sutra,” by Dr Seamus Phan and Ter Hui Peng, McGallen & Bolden Group 2003, ISBN 981-04-5645-X

Buy Phan and Ter’s book now – not because it’s flawless (it’s not) – but because its Zen Buddhist path to business and management/leadership will be the next big thing for touchy-feely weekends and MBA curricula.

The book could easily have been named “Feng Shui For Your Business”, or “Goodbye Western Aggro, Hello Eastern Calm” but neither are as sexy or saleable as dotZEN.

Ironically, while dotZEN is a criticism of Western aggression (and an implied criticism of Sun Tzu’s much lauded Art of War), it is a Buddhist version of some Christians’ prosperity gospel: believe and grow rich.

The back-cover blurb, by author Ron Kaufman, says Phan “marries global business, Eastern culture and Buddhist philosophy in a diamond text that will open your eyes, ease your mind, and make you lots of money!”…

dotZEN is a quirky, endearing, infuriating book that is bursting with refreshing ideas that won’t be in Western-based MBA textbooks. For example, how can your product stand out? “The answer is spirit, or soul,” Phan and Ter advise. And how do you show you care for your employees? “Rather than provide caffeine for your people,” the authors suggest, “opt instead to provide `chill-out’ rooms where stressed employees can relax for 15 minutes or so before getting back on (sic) work again.”

The basic structure of each chapter is a traditional Zen koan (an apparently simple thought embodying great wisdom) written in the English alphabet and traditional Chinese characters; an overview; a case study followed by suggestions for action; and finally a “BitZen” meditation.

dotZEN also has a number of annoying non sequiturs that leave the reader struggling to follow Phan and Ter’s allegedly Zen conclusions.

The final chapter – on internet survival tips – is the best example. The koan on which the chapter is based is “Don’t judge the Buddha through the 32 marks”.

Phan and Ter tell the reader that the Diamond Sutra, from which this is taken, is showing us “that what seems to be true may not be and what seems to work may not either”.

The authors then offer 25 pages of tips on security, spam, viruses, branding and search engines before finally making the point that “not everything on the internet can be trusted completely”.

Their final BitZen, which concludes this chapter and – incidentally – the book, is that “much as we may believe technology to belong to geeks and gurus, it is as accessible, and increasingly more so, to all of us. It simply takes patience, and an open and learning mind”.

Er, yes, but isn’t this verging on the bleeding obvious?

Don’t get me wrong. dotZEN is a useful and important book. Australian bosses would do well to read the first chapter on business, service and quality in which Phan and Ter conclude that “service is not a cosmetic surface but must be deeply rooted and entrenched in the culture of the organisation, or even the nation”.

Continuing the emphasis on having the right people serving customers, the authors warn “many corporations neglect people development in the holistic manner, opting for short-term fixes such as motivational talks and training programs”.

Feng shui is now a relatively well-known import into Australian thought, alongside life coaching, alternative therapies and various New Age practices but Phan and Ter bring a much wider and deeper perspective to it in relation to business.

They encourage business to be good neighbours and to “learn to be gracious and think of your environment”, in contrast to the Western competitive and exploitative view of business and the earth.

They explain the Asian concept where feng shui demands that “for someone to prosper, the neighbours should be taken care of as well”.

Both Phan and Ter are Chinese speakers with English as a second language, and this shows in the occasional “Chinglish” sentence which could do with firmer editing.

For example, when Phan illustrates a point about excellent customer service, he writes “both men went out of their paths to make sure I did not buy a dud”.

A more thorough editing job would have changed “paths” to “way” – a small but jarring error in a book that is about excellence.

Maybe this is due to the fact that a public relations company, and not a traditional publishing house, has produced the book. The PR company is Singapore-based McGallen & Bolden – of which co-author Ter Hui Peng is associate director.

The book ends awkwardly with suggestions about diet that point to a book that Phan has co-authored with his brother, Ching Jung, who is described as a champion body-builder. Continuing the family connection, CJ (as he’s cutely called) has done the line drawings for dotZEN.

Despite these picky criticisms, Phan and Ter have the experience and credentials to give dotZEN some muscle.

Ter has a Masters in Science in Training and Development (Leicester) and Phan has a PhD in business-quality management. He also, according to the book’s blurb, has done “cutting-edge patent-pending biotech research in the areas of autoxidation”!

dotZEN – Practical tips and thoughts on Business, Marketing, PR and the Internet from the Diamond Sutra, Dr Seamus Phan and Ter Hui Peng, McGallen & Bolden Group 2003, ISBN 981-04-5645-X, $US11, 192pp inc index.

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